Kashmir’s Forests in Peril: Experts Warn of Ecological Collapse Deforestation, Water Crisis, and Climate Change Threaten Valley’s Future

Srinagar, Feb 19 : Kashmir, once a land of breathtaking beauty, is now facing an alarming environmental crisis as rampant deforestation, illegal encroachments, and climate change threaten its fragile ecosystem. Experts warn that if immediate action is not taken, the region could face devastating consequences, including water scarcity, agricultural decline, and the loss of its natural heritage.
For decades, Kashmir’s forests have been under siege. Since the 1990s, large-scale deforestation—driven by jungle smugglers, political conflicts, and unregulated land conversions—has led to severe ecological imbalances. The conversion of forest land into apple orchards and residential areas has further exacerbated the problem, disrupting the region’s biodiversity.
Adding to the crisis, this winter saw little to no snowfall in the upper reaches, leaving rivers and streams at dangerously low levels. This water shortage is set to severely impact Kashmir’s agriculture, particularly the prized apple industry. Experts fear that if deforestation continues at this rate, the valley’s horticulture and overall ecosystem will collapse.
“Replacing forests with apple orchards might seem harmless, but it disrupts biodiversity. The loss of natural forests impacts water retention, temperature regulation, and overall climate stability,” said an environmental expert. “The situation is further worsened by illegal settlements in green zones, which threaten the valley’s long-term sustainability.”
The drying of lakes, rivers, and springs once fed by glaciers is a stark reminder of human-induced climate change. Meanwhile, rapid urban expansion and construction in ecologically sensitive areas have led to unpredictable weather patterns and increased natural disasters.
The proposed bill to legalize illegal constructions has raised further concerns, with environmentalists warning that thousands of trees could be cut down if it is passed. “This would be a death sentence for Kashmir’s environment,” warned conservationists.